Annals of Medicine Research and Public Health (ISSN: 2995-5955) | Volume 2, Issue 1 | Research Article | Open Access DOI
Dhaval Gupta*
Dhruvkumar Viradia1, Palak Shah1, Dhaval Gupta2*, Nilesh Pandav2
1DNB Medical Gastroenterology Resident at GCS Medical College, Hospital & Research Center, Ahmedabad
2Senior Consultant in Department of Medical Gastroenterology at GCS Medical College, Hospital & Research Center, Ahmedabad
*Correspondence to: Dhaval Gupta
Fulltext PDFBackground: Early diagnosis and endoscopic resection of adenomatous polyps is the main approach for screening and prevention of colorectal cancer (CRC). We aimed to assess polyp detection rate (PDR) and to characterize demographic, clinical, and pathological features of colorectal polyps in our population.
Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the data from 845 colonoscopies performed during january 2017 till march 2022 at GCS Medical college, hospital and research center, Ahmedabad.
Results: Our sample included 540 (64%) men and 305 (36%) women, with the mean age of 52.3 years (SD=16.1). The most common reasons for colonoscopy included, altered bowel habit in 23%and gastrointestinal bleeding (occult as well as overt) in 15.2% and for screening in 8.0%. Cecal intubation was successful in 96% of patients. The quality of bowel preparation was fair to excellent in 87% (n=474) of colonoscopies. Overall PDR was 34.31% (95% CI: 31.03-37.3). The PDR in men (54.1%, 95% CI: 50.4-57.1) was significantly higher than women (31.2%, 95% CI: 28.4-34.9, p<0.001). Polyps were more frequently observed in patients after the 6th decade of life (F=3.3; p=0.004). CRC was detected in 5.4% (29/540) of men and 3.05% (10/305) of women (p=0.02). The mean age for patients with cancer was significantly higher than that for individuals with polyps, 68.6 (SD=13.4) year vs. 56.9 (SD=13.7) year, respectively (p=0.001). Almost 82.8% of the lesions were precancerous with tubul0-villous type predominance (58.3%) followed by tubular (26.7%), villous (15%), and serrated (3.44%). 9.6% were Hyperplastic, 4.13% inflammatory while 3.8% were juvenile polyps. The sigmoid colon was the most commonly involved region (47%). Dysplasia was significantly associated with female patients who had large size tubulovillous polyps located in the left colon.
Conclusion: The type and distribution of colorectal polyps in western India is quite similar to Western countries. Patient gender, and size, histological type and location of polyps are closely related to dysplastic change in colonic polyps. Distal colon was more prone to develop polyps and cancer than proximal colon in our series. These findings provide a great infrastructure for next preventive programs and have implications for colorectal cancer screening at population-level.
Colonic polyps; Colonoscopy; Colorectal cancer; Polyp detection rate
Dhruvkumar Viradia, Palak Shah, Dhaval Gupta, Nilesh Pandav. Profile of Colorectal Polyps and Cancer: A Retrospective Study from Western India. Ann Med Res Pub Health. 2024;2(1):1-10.