Annals of Medicine Research and Public Health (ISSN: 2995-5955) | Volume 1, Issue 2 | Research Article | Open Access
Chiraag Ashok Kumar*
Department of Medicine, University/ Hospital : Spartan Health Sciences University, St Lucia
*Correspondence to: Chiraag Ashok Kumar
Fulltext PDFBackground: Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) often coexist and share common pathophysiological features. Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) therapy is a standard treatment for OSA that improves sleep-related outcomes. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the effect of CPAP therapy on glycemic control in patients with coexisting OSA and T2DM.
Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted in various databases for studies published between January 2000 and August 2021. Included studies consisted of randomized controlled trials and observational studies that assessed the impact of CPAP therapy on glycemic control outcomes, such as HbA1c levels, fasting blood glucose, or insulin sensitivity, in adult patients with both OSA and T2DM. The risk of bias in the included studies was assessed using appropriate tools.
Results: Twelve studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in the systematic review. The majority of studies reported positive effects of CPAP therapy on glycemic control outcomes, including reductions in HbA1c levels, fasting blood glucose, and improvements in insulin sensitivity. However, some studies showed non-significant effects or limited improvements. Adherence to CPAP therapy emerged as a crucial factor in achieving improved glycemic control.
Conclusion: The findings from this systematic review suggest that CPAP therapy has the potential to improve glycemic control in patients with coexisting OSA and T2DM. CPAP therapy can positively impact glycemic control outcomes by restoring normal oxygen levels during sleep, reducing oxidative stress and inflammation, and promoting better sleep quality and increased physical activity. Strategies to optimize CPAP therapy adherence should be implemented to maximize the potential benefits. Further research, including larger randomized controlled trials with standardized protocols and longer follow-up durations, is needed to provide more robust evidence on the optimal use of CPAP therapy for glycemic control in this patient population. The integration of CPAP therapy into the comprehensive management of patients with coexisting OSA and T2DM holds promise for improving glycemic control and overall health outcomes.
Continuous Positive Airway Pressure; CPAP therapy; Obstructive Sleep Apnea; OSA; Type 2 Diabetes; Mellitus; T2DM; Glycemic control; Glucose metabolism; Insulin sensitivity; HbA1c levels; Fasting blood glucose; Metabolic outcomes; Randomized controlled trials; Observational studies; Treatment outcome; Adherence; Sleep-disordered breathing; Sleep apnea
Goutham Reddy Pidaparthy, Vanaja Rani Bathina, Afnan Akram Nawaz Khan, Chiraag Ashokkumar, Jyothsna Goranti. Systematic Review of The Effect Of CPAP Therapy on Glycemic Control in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Type 2 Diabetes. Ann Med Res Pub Health. 2023;1(2):1-9.