International Clinical and Medical Case Reports Journal (ISSN: 2832-5788) | Volume 5, Issue 7 | Research Article | Open Access
Rupam Kaur*
Rupam Kaur*, Reader, Kanwalpreet Kaur Bhullar, Sagar Arora, Tajdeep Kaur, Jagteshwar Singh Kanwar, Gaurvika Bibra
Sri Guru Ram Das Institute of Dental Sciences and Research, Amritsar, India
*Correspondence to: Rupam Kaur
Fulltext PDFImmunomodulation in endodontics focuses on how bioactive materials, stem cells and pharmacological agents regulate pulp and periapical healing. A narrative review of contemporary literature was conducted using relevant experimental studies and review articles describing bioactive materials, dental stem cells and therapeutic agents in pulpitis and apical periodontitis. Bioactive materials, including calcium silicates and engineered chitosan nanoparticles, promoted M2 macrophage polarization and suppressed pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α and IL-1β. Mesenchymal stem cells derived from dental tissues enhanced these effects by upregulating regulatory T cells, creating an environment conducive to regeneration. Immunotherapeutic agents, including resolvins and anti-cytokine therapies, effectively resolved periapical inflammation and stimulated bone repair. Evidence indicated a shift from passive disinfection toward the active biological management of host immune responses. The integration of immunomodulatory strategies into endodontic protocols demonstrated significant potential to improve vital pulp therapy and regenerative outcomes. Future clinical validation is necessary to support broader therapeutic application.
Apical periodontitis, Bioactive materials, Immunomodulation, Pulpitis, Regenerative endodontics
Rupam Kaur, Reader, Kanwalpreet Kaur Bhullar, Sagar Arora, Tajdeep Kaur, Jagteshwar Singh Kanwar, et al. Immunomodulation in Endodontics: Bridging Inflammation Control and Tissue Regeneration. Int Clinc Med Case Rep Jour. 2026;5(7):1-13.