International Clinical and Medical Case Reports Journal (ISSN: 2832-5788) | Volume 4, Issue 6 | Case Report | Open Access

Retrospective Analysis of Etiology, Diagnosis, and Prognosis in Patients with Hematochezia

Houhong Wang*

Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Bozhou Hospital of Anhui Medical University, China

*Correspondence to: Houhong Wang 

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Abstract

Background: Hematochezia is a common clinical symptom with diverse etiologies, ranging from benign to life-threatening conditions. This retrospective study aimed to analyze the etiological spectrum, diagnostic approaches, and prognostic factors in patients presenting with hematochezia.

Methods: Data from 120 patients with hematochezia admitted to a single tertiary hospital between 2021 and 2023 were retrospectively reviewed. Patient demographics, clinical symptoms, laboratory tests, endoscopic findings, treatment modalities, and outcomes were analyzed.

Results: The most common etiologies were hemorrhoids (35%, 42/120), followed by colorectal polyps (22%, 26/120) and colorectal cancer (18%, 21/120). Colonoscopy demonstrated a diagnostic accuracy of 92% for colorectal lesions. Multivariate analysis identified age ≥60 years (OR = 3.1, 95% CI: 1.5 - 6.4, p = 0.002), presence of anemia (hemoglobin < 100 g/L, OR = 2.7, 95% CI: 1.3 - 5.6, p = 0.011), and positive Fecal Immunochemical Test (FIT) (OR = 2.4, 95% CI: 1.2 - 4.8, p = 0.023) as independent risk factors for severe underlying diseases.

Conclusion: Hemorrhoids are the leading cause of hematochezia, but colorectal malignancies require vigilant detection. Colonoscopy is highly effective for diagnosis, and age, anemia, and positive FIT are key predictors of severe conditions.

Keywords:

Hematochezia; Etiology; Diagnosis; Prognosis; Retrospective Analysis; Colonoscopy

Citation:

Houhong Wang. Retrospective Analysis of Etiology, Treatment Outcomes, And Risk Factors in Intestinal Obstruction. Int Clinc Med Case Rep Jour. 2025;4(6):1-4.