Annals of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery (ISSN 2835-7132) | Volume 3, Issue 1 | Case Report | Open Access DOI
Otouana Dzon HB*
Otouana Dzon HB1, Ngouoni GC2, Diembi S3, Tsierie-Tsoba A2, Ondzotto GW2, Itiéré-Odzili AF2, Ondzotto G2, Moukassa D4
1Department of ENT, Talangaï Reference Hospital, Congo
2Department of ENT, University Hospital Center of Brazzaville, Congo
3Department of ENT, Adolph SICE General Hospital, Congo
3Faculty of Health Sciences, Masters Department, Congo
*Correspondence to: Otouana Dzon HB
Fulltext PDFIntroduction: Burkitt’s disease is a lymphoproliferative pathology where the Epstein Barr virus (EBV) is the main risk factor. The aim of this work was to study the epidemiological and clinical aspects of Burkitt’s lymphoma and establish the virological diagnosis in the otolaryngological localization in children.
Patients and methods: This was a 10-year descriptive study carried out in Brazzaville jointly by the ENT department and the pathological anatomy and cytology laboratory of the University Hospital. These were tumor biopsies from the ENT sphere with histological evidence of Burkitt's lymphoma only in children under 18 years of age. A histopathological confirmation analysis was performed before performing the immunohistochemistry technique using anti-EBNA-1 monoclonal antibodies specific for EBV.
Results: a total of 7 cases of Burkitt's lymphoma were collected representing 5.8% of all ENT cancers. The average age was 12.2 ± 4.8 years (extremes: 6 – 15 years) with a ratio of 0.4 in favor of girls and all the children were immunocompetent. The most frequent localization was maxillary (n=6) followed by the orbito-nasal localization (n=1) all unilateral. In immunostaining on paraffin sections there was an overexpression of the majority viral protein EBNA-1 (n=6) indicating co-infection with EBV in 85.7% of cases.
Conclusion: in accordance with literature data, in Brazzaville, Burkitt lymphoma in children is mainly associated with the Epstein-Barr virus. The EBNA-1 gene can be considered as a diagnostic biomarker whose overexpression is an important mechanism in carcinogenesis.
Burkitt's lymphoma; Epstein Barr virus; EBNA-1 gene; immunohistochemistry
Otouana Dzon HB, Ngouoni GC, Diembi S, Tsierie-Tsoba A, Ondzotto GW, Itiéré-Odzili AF, et al. Burkitt’s Lymphoma with Otolaryngological Localisation in Children: Epidemiological and Clinical Aspects as Well as Virological Diagnosis at Brazzaville. Annal of Otol Head and Neck Surg. 2024;3(1):1-6.